Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1801 to 1900

Greenwich Mean Time


Introduction

The Moon's orbit is inclined ˜5.1° to Earth's orbit around the Sun. As a result, the Moon’s declination changes rapidly over the course of the draconic month. The extremes in the Moon's southern (or negative) declination ranges from about -18.2° to -28.7°. Similarly, the extremes in the Moon's northern (or positive) declination ranges from about +18.2° to +28.7°.

As its declination changes, so does the azimuth of the lunar rise and set positions along the horizon. When the Moon reaches its minimum or maximum declination, the changing rise an set azimuths halt and reverse direction. This event occurs twice each draconic month and is called lunar standstill.

The gravitational pull of the Sun also forces the moon's orbit to slowly rotate westward on its axis ˜19° per year. In a period of ˜18.6 years, the nodes of the lunar orbit make one complete revolution. The effect on the Moon's declination extremes and lunar standstill points are to change them gradually from month to month.

The monthly declination extremes (and lunar standstills) are further modulated over the 18.6 year precession of the Moon's orbital nodes.

Lunar Standstills Table Description

The table below gives the date and time (Greenwich Mean Time) as well as the Moon's Right Ascention (RA) and Declination (Dec.) for the greatest lunar standstills each year during for the century 1801 to 1900 . For a table of monthly lunar standstills over this century, see Monthly Lunar Standstills: 1801 to 1900 .

The azimuth of the Moon at moonrise depends on the Moon's declination (δ) and the observer's geographic latitude (φ). It can be calculated as follows:

        A = ArcCos (sin δ / cos φ)
        
        where
        
        A = azimuth
        δ = declination of the Moon
        φ = observer's latitude (north +, south -)
        

The azimuth of the Moon at moonset can be calculate by simply subtracting the moonrise azimuth from 360°.

Additional information on lunar standstill is available in Wikipedia

The values of ΔT used to convert Dynamical Time to Greenwich Mean Time in this 100-year table range from 13 to -1 seconds. The uncertainty in the value of ΔT grows large for dates in the distant past or future.

For Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills from 1501 through 2500, see Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills by Century.

Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1801 to 1820

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

 
Year        Minimum        RA        Dec.               Maximum       RA        Dec.

 1801     Sep 16  03:51   17h59.8m  -28°44.8'       Sep 29  07:21   06h00.0m  +28°44.9'       
 1802     Feb 27  04:26   17h52.9m  -28°41.3'       Mar 11  23:00   05h52.8m  +28°42.1'       
 1803     Feb 17  05:54   17h39.6m  -28°15.8'       Mar 01  18:55   05h39.2m  +28°15.6'       
 1804     Feb 07  00:38   17h27.3m  -27°23.5'       Jan 23  17:36   05h27.3m  +27°22.7'       
 1805     Jan 26  15:54   17h16.8m  -26°09.8'       Jan 13  00:51   05h16.8m  +26°09.8'       
 1806     Jan 16  09:32   17h09.6m  -24°40.4'       Jan 03  07:36   05h09.3m  +24°40.8'       
 1807     Jan 06  10:04   17h07.1m  -23°00.8'       Jan 21  00:07   05h07.6m  +22°57.6'       
 1808     Jan 24  01:29   17h12.0m  -21°14.6'       Jan 11  03:03   05h10.9m  +21°18.3'       
 1809     Jan 13  16:22   17h22.0m  -19°49.1'       Jan 27  14:50   05h23.0m  +19°44.1'       
 1810     Jan 04  08:40   17h38.6m  -18°50.1'       Jan 17  19:06   05h39.9m  +18°47.4'       

 1811     Dec 16  15:49   18h20.1m  -18°46.3'       Dec 29  15:19   06h21.6m  +18°46.9'       
 1812     Dec 06  04:15   18h36.8m  -19°43.4'       Dec 19  02:38   06h38.4m  +19°44.9'       
 1813     Dec 23  17:15   18h49.6m  -21°11.5'       Dec 09  13:15   06h48.8m  +21°09.4'       
 1814     Dec 13  16:58   18h53.4m  -22°49.5'       Dec 27  11:12   06h53.6m  +22°49.5'       
 1815     Dec 03  13:23   18h51.1m  -24°29.2'       Dec 17  19:08   06h51.1m  +24°29.2'       
 1816     Nov 22  10:37   18h44.0m  -26°01.4'       Dec 06  23:53   06h44.3m  +26°01.0'       
 1817     Nov 12  11:59   18h34.1m  -27°16.8'       Oct 30  16:55   06h34.4m  +27°16.5'       
 1818     Nov 02  18:07   18h22.1m  -28°09.7'       Oct 20  08:07   06h22.2m  +28°10.2'       
 1819     Sep 26  21:00   18h08.5m  -28°39.7'       Oct 09  20:46   06h08.5m  +28°39.9'       
 1820     Mar 08  21:12   18h01.4m  -28°44.4'       Mar 21  12:59   06h01.4m  +28°45.3'       

Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1821 to 1840

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

 
Year        Minimum        RA        Dec.               Maximum       RA        Dec.

 1821     Feb 26  21:09   17h47.6m  -28°35.0'       Mar 11  10:16   05h47.4m  +28°34.9'       
 1822     Feb 16  14:00   17h34.4m  -27°57.7'       Feb 02  10:09   05h34.4m  +27°56.8'       
 1823     Feb 06  03:52   17h22.6m  -26°57.0'       Jan 23  17:54   05h22.6m  +26°57.1'       
 1824     Jan 26  21:06   17h13.4m  -25°36.9'       Jan 13  23:51   05h13.3m  +25°37.6'       
 1825     Jan 15  22:06   17h08.1m  -24°01.8'       Jan 03  02:47   05h07.8m  +24°02.8'       
 1826     Jan 06  06:19   17h07.7m  -22°20.2'       Jan 20  13:07   05h08.2m  +22°16.9'       
 1827     Jan 24  04:26   17h15.3m  -20°37.4'       Jan 10  12:37   05h14.0m  +20°42.4'       
 1828     Jan 14  19:55   17h28.2m  -19°21.2'       Jan 27  23:25   05h29.3m  +19°17.1'       
 1829     Jan 04  10:14   17h46.9m  -18°35.5'       Jan 17  08:31   05h48.1m  +18°33.0'       
 1830     Dec 16  10:50   18h27.5m  -19°05.4'       Dec 29  13:12   06h29.1m  +19°05.4'       

 1831     Dec 06  17:23   18h42.3m  -20°14.1'       Dec 20  02:29   06h43.6m  +20°15.4'       
 1832     Dec 23  02:02   18h52.1m  -21°47.9'       Dec 09  14:43   06h51.2m  +21°46.5'       
 1833     Dec 13  01:27   18h53.2m  -23°28.4'       Dec 27  09:54   06h53.2m  +23°28.3'       
 1834     Dec 03  01:35   18h48.8m  -25°06.9'       Dec 17  13:39   06h48.9m  +25°06.5'       
 1835     Nov 23  04:48   18h40.6m  -26°32.5'       Nov 10  05:37   06h40.9m  +26°32.3'       
 1836     Nov 12  11:29   18h29.7m  -27°39.1'       Oct 29  20:47   06h29.9m  +27°39.5'       
 1837     Oct 06  13:52   18h17.1m  -28°24.6'       Oct 19  10:31   06h16.9m  +28°24.9'       
 1838     Sep 26  17:07   18h03.4m  -28°45.0'       Oct 09  05:03   06h03.3m  +28°44.4'       
 1839     Mar 09  12:09   17h56.3m  -28°44.3'       Mar 22  02:24   05h56.4m  +28°44.3'       
 1840     Feb 27  03:22   17h42.5m  -28°22.9'       Mar 11  08:46   05h42.6m  +28°22.0'       

Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1841 to 1860

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

 
Year        Minimum        RA        Dec.               Maximum       RA        Dec.

 1841     Feb 15  16:16   17h29.5m  -27°36.7'       Feb 02  11:12   05h29.5m  +27°36.8'       
 1842     Jan 09  03:57   17h18.7m  -26°28.2'       Jan 23  16:12   05h18.8m  +26°28.9'       
 1843     Jan 26  11:29   17h11.1m  -25°00.4'       Jan 13  16:52   05h11.1m  +25°01.7'       
 1844     Jan 16  20:24   17h07.9m  -23°21.2'       Jan 03  14:36   05h07.2m  +23°23.0'       
 1845     Jan 06  08:01   17h09.7m  -21°41.2'       Jan 19  20:13   05h10.1m  +21°38.3'       
 1846     Jan 24  07:33   17h20.0m  -20°03.2'       Jan 09  22:05   05h18.7m  +20°09.2'       
 1847     Jan 14  19:28   17h35.3m  -18°57.7'       Jan 27  14:15   05h36.5m  +18°53.7'       
 1848     Dec 25  15:57   18h16.3m  -18°39.4'       Dec 11  11:20   06h14.8m  +18°37.6'       
 1849     Dec 15  23:03   18h34.5m  -19°28.9'       Dec 29  15:02   06h35.9m  +19°28.9'       
 1850     Dec 06  02:15   18h46.8m  -20°47.1'       Dec 20  04:08   06h47.5m  +20°48.6'       

 1851     Dec 23  13:17   18h53.2m  -22°26.5'       Dec 10  14:36   06h52.6m  +22°25.8'       
 1852     Dec 12  16:37   18h52.1m  -24°07.8'       Dec 27  02:22   06h52.1m  +24°07.5'       
 1853     Dec 02  21:38   18h46.1m  -25°41.3'       Nov 19  17:36   06h46.2m  +25°41.2'       
 1854     Nov 23  04:38   18h36.5m  -26°59.9'       Nov 09  09:17   06h36.7m  +27°00.3'       
 1855     Oct 17  06:16   18h25.3m  -27°59.9'       Oct 30  00:35   06h24.8m  +28°00.2'       
 1856     Oct 06  08:26   18h12.5m  -28°36.0'       Oct 18  21:03   06h12.3m  +28°35.6'       
 1857     Sep 26  02:00   17h58.5m  -28°44.2'       Sep 11  18:46   05h59.0m  +28°44.0'       
 1858     Mar 08  16:42   17h51.3m  -28°38.6'       Mar 22  02:10   05h51.5m  +28°37.7'       
 1859     Feb 26  05:07   17h37.3m  -28°08.0'       Feb 13  04:34   05h37.3m  +28°08.0'       
 1860     Feb 15  23:06   17h25.2m  -27°12.6'       Feb 03  08:26   05h25.5m  +27°13.5'       

Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1861 to 1880

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

 
Year        Minimum        RA        Dec.               Maximum       RA        Dec.

 1861     Jan 08  19:53   17h15.9m  -25°56.3'       Jan 23  06:57   05h16.2m  +25°56.3'       
 1862     Jan 26  11:33   17h10.2m  -24°21.4'       Jan 13  01:55   05h09.6m  +24°23.7'       
 1863     Jan 16  22:44   17h08.8m  -22°41.3'       Jan 02  21:48   05h07.5m  +22°44.2'       
 1864     Jan 07  08:28   17h12.6m  -21°03.7'       Jan 20  05:40   05h13.3m  +21°00.8'       
 1865     Jan 24  04:30   17h25.6m  -19°32.3'       Jan 09  14:47   05h24.4m  +19°38.1'       
 1866     Jan 14  12:02   17h42.9m  -18°40.5'       Jan 27  14:33   05h44.4m  +18°36.1'       
 1867     Dec 26  03:49   18h24.6m  -18°54.2'       Dec 12  14:15   06h23.3m  +18°52.4'       
 1868     Dec 15  09:51   18h40.3m  -19°56.2'       Dec 29  16:18   06h41.4m  +19°56.5'       
 1869     Dec 05  14:31   18h49.6m  -21°23.6'       Dec 20  02:21   06h50.3m  +21°25.6'       
 1870     Dec 23  07:31   18h53.7m  -23°06.1'       Dec 10  07:08   06h53.2m  +23°05.9'       

 1871     Dec 13  14:17   18h50.3m  -24°44.7'       Nov 30  04:53   06h50.3m  +24°44.6'       
 1872     Dec 02  21:23   18h42.3m  -26°13.1'       Nov 18  21:38   06h42.5m  +26°13.5'       
 1873     Oct 26  22:01   18h32.7m  -27°26.1'       Nov 08  14:56   06h32.1m  +27°26.5'       
 1874     Oct 16  23:09   18h21.3m  -28°17.2'       Oct 29  13:29   06h21.0m  +28°16.8'       
 1875     Oct 06  15:35   18h07.7m  -28°41.6'       Sep 22  12:05   06h08.3m  +28°41.2'       
 1876     Mar 18  05:58   18h00.3m  -28°44.3'       Mar 31  19:44   06h00.7m  +28°43.5'       
 1877     Mar 07  18:26   17h45.7m  -28°30.0'       Feb 22  21:49   05h45.6m  +28°30.0'       
 1878     Feb 25  13:25   17h32.7m  -27°49.2'       Feb 13  00:26   05h32.9m  +27°50.0'       
 1879     Jan 19  11:36   17h22.1m  -26°45.1'       Feb 02  20:53   05h22.4m  +26°45.0'       
 1880     Jan 09  19:24   17h14.2m  -25°21.8'       Jan 23  13:32   05h13.8m  +25°21.3'       

Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills: 1881 to 1900

Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)

 
Year        Minimum        RA        Dec.               Maximum       RA        Dec.

 1881     Jan 26  14:01   17h10.1m  -23°42.1'       Jan 12  07:54   05h08.8m  +23°45.7'       
 1882     Jan 16  21:38   17h10.1m  -22°01.5'       Jan 02  08:37   05h09.1m  +22°05.0'       
 1883     Jan 07  02:47   17h16.0m  -20°27.7'       Jan 20  00:15   05h17.4m  +20°24.2'       
 1884     Jan 24  17:36   17h32.0m  -19°07.0'       Jan 10  15:33   05h30.9m  +19°11.6'       
 1885     Dec 08  00:10   18h10.3m  -18°31.6'       Dec 22  01:07   06h11.9m  +18°32.2'       
 1886     Dec 25  17:05   18h31.5m  -19°14.0'       Dec 12  16:23   06h30.3m  +19°12.7'       
 1887     Dec 16  01:38   18h44.7m  -20°28.3'       Dec 30  12:28   06h45.5m  +20°29.2'       
 1888     Dec 05  10:14   18h51.9m  -22°02.2'       Dec 19  17:02   06h52.5m  +22°04.2'       
 1889     Dec 23  06:30   18h52.9m  -23°44.2'       Dec 09  15:26   06h52.8m  +23°44.3'       
 1890     Dec 13  13:34   18h46.9m  -25°20.0'       Nov 29  09:56   06h47.2m  +25°20.3'       

 1891     Nov 06  13:00   18h39.2m  -26°44.1'       Nov 19  05:37   06h38.6m  +26°44.4'       
 1892     Oct 26  13:07   18h29.4m  -27°48.8'       Nov 08  06:10   06h29.1m  +27°48.5'       
 1893     Oct 16  04:46   18h16.5m  -28°28.9'       Oct 02  05:24   06h17.1m  +28°28.4'       
 1894     Oct 05  16:46   18h01.7m  -28°43.7'       Sep 22  14:07   06h01.8m  +28°44.3'       
 1895     Mar 18  08:12   17h54.3m  -28°42.2'       Mar 05  14:47   05h54.1m  +28°42.1'       
 1896     Mar 07  04:28   17h40.8m  -28°16.9'       Feb 23  16:02   05h40.9m  +28°17.8'       
 1897     Jan 29  03:53   17h29.1m  -27°26.6'       Feb 12  10:29   05h29.3m  +27°26.6'       
 1898     Jan 19  12:14   17h19.6m  -26°14.7'       Feb 02  01:21   05h19.0m  +26°14.0'       
 1899     Jan 09  19:28   17h12.7m  -24°46.3'       Jan 22  18:56   05h11.9m  +24°45.3'       
 1900     Jan 27  10:57   17h09.9m  -23°01.5'       Jan 12  19:49   05h09.0m  +23°05.9'       

Acknowledgement

All calculations are by Fred Espenak, and he assumes full responsibility for their accuracy. Algorithms used in predicting the Moon's monthly lunar standstills are based on Astronomical Algorithms by Jean Meeus (Willmann-Bell, Inc., Richmond, 1999).

Permission is granted to reproduce this data when accompanied by a link to this page and the credit line:

    "Greatest Annual Lunar Standstills Table Courtesy of Fred Espenak, www.Astropixels.com".


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